(I didn't read the articles)
My theory is that it isn't so much about how much CEOs get paid. It's about how much workers are getting paid. Very few would argue for same pay for all. But most will want descent wages.
It's not fair for big executives to get golden parachutes and then lay off 1000s of workers without any compensation.
Demotivating factors are not getting livable wages and not having job security.